Characteristic | Total, n (%) | Mortality, n (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | Pa | ||
192 (100) | 53 (27.6) | 139 (72.4) | ||
Surgical treatment | ||||
Debridements,b mean (SD) | 7.5 (5.3) | 5.2 (4.2) | 8.3 (5.5) | < 0.001 |
≤ 5 | 82 (42.7) | 32 (60.4) | 50 (36.0) | 0.002 |
> 5 | 110 (57.3) | 21 (39.6) | 89 (64.0) | |
Time to 1st debrid. ≤ 12 hc | 92 (47.9) | 23 (43.4) | 69 (49.6) | 0.439 |
Time to 1st debrid. ≤ 24 h | 115 (59.9) | 27 (50.9) | 88 (63.3) | 0.118 |
VAC therapy | 120 (62.5) | 17 (32.1) | 103 (74.1) | < 0.001 |
VAC changes, mean (SD) | 5.3 (4.0) | 4.9 (2.6) | 5.4 (4.2) | 0.855 |
≤ 5 | 82 (68.3) | 9 (52.9) | 73 (70.9) | 0.141 |
> 5 | 38 (31.7) | 8 (47.1) | 30 (29.1) | |
Defect closure | 135 (70.3) | 13 (24.5) | 122 (87.8) | < 0.001 |
Mesh graft | 109 (56.8) | 8 (15.1) | 101 (72.7) | < 0.001 |
Flap | 27 (14.1) | 1 (1.9) | 26 (18.7) | 0.003 |
Amputationd | 46 (24.0) | 17 (32.1) | 29 (20.9) | 0.104 |
Secondary healing | 37 (19.3) | 6 (11.3) | 31 (22.3) | 0.085 |
HBOT | ||||
No, not indicated | 98 (51.1) | 24 (45.3) | 74 (53.2) | 0.022 |
Yes | 83 (43.2) | 22 (41.5) | 61 (43.9) | |
No, ineligiblee | 11 (5.7) | 7 (13.2) | 4 (2.9) | |
Antibiotic therapy | ||||
Number of AB, mean (SD) | 4.6 (2.2) | 4.3 (2.2) | 4.8 (2.2) | 0.153 |
≤ 3 | 67 (34.9) | 24 (45.3) | 43 (30.9) | 0.062 |
> 3 | 125 (65.1) | 29 (54.7) | 96 (69.1) | |
AB groups, mean (SD) | 3.3 (1.3) | 3.3 (1.5) | 3.3 (1.3) | 0.885 |
≤ 3 | 110 (57.3) | 29 (54.7) | 81 (58.3) | 0.656 |
> 3 | 82 (42.7) | 24 (45.3) | 58 (41.7) | |
Changes of AB, mean (SD) | 2.5 (2.1) | 2.0 (2.0) | 2.7 (2.0) | 0.007 |
≤ 2 | 115 (59.9) | 37 (69.8) | 78 (56.1) | 0.083 |
> 2 | 77 (40.1) | 16 (30.2) | 61 (43.9) | |
Hospital treatment | ||||
ICU treatment | 172 (89.6) | 52 (98.1) | 120 (86.3) | 0.017 |
Days in ICU, mean (SD) | 13.3 (16.1) | 13.4 (16.8) | 13.2 (16.0) | 0.815 |
0 days | 20 (10.4) | 1 (1.9) | 19 (13.7) | 0.012 |
1–7 days | 82 (42.7) | 30 (56.6) | 52 (37.4) | |
> 7 days | 90 (46.9) | 22 (41.5) | 68 (48.9) | |
Days in hospital, mean (SD)f | 40.2 (26.3) | 22.8 (25.1) | 46.8 (23.7) | < 0.001 |
≤ 40 days | 109 (56.8) | 40 (75.5) | 69 (49.6) | 0.001 |
> 40 days | 83 (43.2) | 13 (24.5) | 70 (50.4) | |
Complications | ||||
Total | 120 (63.5) | 47 (92.2) | 73 (52.9) | < 0.001 |
Infectionsg | 95 (49.5) | 25 (47.2) | 70 (50.4) | 0.693 |
Sepsis/organ dysfunctionh | 76 (39.6) | 45 (84.9) | 31 (22.3) | < 0.001 |
Impaired wound healing | 46 (24.0) | 5 (9.4) | 41 (29.5) | 0.004 |
Prolonged delirium | 30 (15.6) | 4 (7.5) | 26 (18.7) | 0.057 |
Stump complications | 14 (7.3) | 2 (3.8) | 12 (8.6) | 0.247 |
Decubitus | 9 (4.7) | 1 (1.9) | 8 (5.8) | 0.257 |
Thrombosis | 9 (4.7) | 2 (3.8) | 7(5.0) | 0.711 |
Anus praeteri, j | 29 (15.1) | 5 (9.4) | 24 (17.3) | 0.259 |
Ileusi | 4 (2.1) | 2 (3.8) | 2 (1.4) | 0.306 |
Strokei | 3 (1.6) | 1 (1.9) | 2 (1.4) | 1.000 |
Cardiac arresti | 3 (1.6) | 2 (3.8) | 1 (0.7) | 0.185 |
Other complicationsi, k | 11 (5.7) | 5 (9.4) | 6 (4.3) | 0.180 |