Clinical outcomes | All patients (n = 26) | Resuscitative thoracotomy (n = 13) | REBOA (n = 13) | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Clavien–Dindo complication classa | ||||
Overall class, median | 5 [4, 5] | 5 [5–5] | 4 [2–5] | 0.016 |
Grade 1, n (%) | 1 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (8%) | > 0.999 |
Grade 2, n (%) | 1 (4%) | 1 (8%) | 0 (0%) | > 0.999 |
Grade 3a, n (%) | 1 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (8%) | > 0.999 |
Grade 3b, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | > 0.999 |
Grade 4a, n (%) | 2 (8%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (15%) | 0.480 |
Grade 4b, n (%) | 1 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (8%) | > 0.999 |
Grade 5a, n (%) | 3 (12%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (23%) | 0.220 |
Grade 5b, n (%) | 15 (58%) | 12 (92%) | 3 (23%) | 0.001 |
Hospital length of stay (d) | 2.0 [1.0–15.5] | 1.0 [1.0–2.0] | 12.0 [2.5–19.0] | 0.006 |
ICU length of stay (d) | 2.0 [1.0–9.0] | 1.0 [1.0–2.0] | 6.0 [2.5–15.0] | 0.007 |
ICU-free hospital days | 0.0 [0.0–0.5] | 0.0 [0.0–0.0] | 0.0 [0.0–5.5] | 0.103 |
Days on mechanical ventilation | 2.0 [1.0–3.3] | 1.0 [1.0–2.0] | 2.0 [1.5–6.0] | 0.044 |
Ventilator-free ICU days | 0.0 [0.0–5.3] | 0.0 [.0–0.0] | 1.0 [0.0–7.5] | 0.017 |
Discharge disposition | ||||
Home | 3 (12%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (23%) | 0.220 |
Subacute/inpatient rehabilitation | 2 (8%) | 1 (8%) | 1 (8%) | > 0.999 |
Long-term acute care | 2 (8%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (15%) | 0.480 |
Hospice | 1 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (8%) | > 0.999 |
In-hospital mortality | 18 (69%) | 12 (92%) | 6 (46%) | 0.030 |
GCS at discharge (overall) | 3 [3–11] | 3 [3–3] | 9 [3–15] | 0.029 |
GCS 15 at discharge (overall) | 6 (23%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (46%) | 0.015 |
GCS at discharge (survivors) | 15 [11–15] | 8 | 15 [15–15] | 0.046 |
GCS 15 at discharge (survivors) | 6 (75%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (86%) | 0.250 |