Table 4 Laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy outcomes and 30-day post-surgery following post-propensity score matching (PSM)
Parameter | Laparoscopic (n = 2637) | Open (n = 2637) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Index hospitalization outcomes | |||
Intraoperative complications, n (%) | 24 (0.9) | 33 (1.3) | 0.2 |
Postoperative complications, n (%) | 601 (23.0) | 932 (35.0) | < 0.001 |
Sepsis, n (%) | 257 (9.7) | 327 (12.0) | 0.01 |
Gastrointestinal and digestive complications, n (%) | |||
Bile duct injury | 8 (0.3) | 11 (0.4) | 0.55 |
Retained gallstone | 2 (< 0.1) | 1 (< 0.1) | 0.64 |
Intestinal obstruction | 86 (3.3) | 208 (7.9) | < 0.001 |
Gastrointestinal ulcer | 5 (0.2) | 20 (0.8) | 0.00 |
Gastrointestinal hemorrhage | 16 (0.6) | 25 (0.9) | 0.24 |
Wound infection/complications, n (%) | |||
Surgical site infection | 3 (0.1) | 27 (1.0) | < 0.001 |
Hemorrhage/hematoma/seroma | 9 (0.3) | 16 (0.6) | 0.26 |
Wound disruption/dehiscence | 27 (1.0) | 86 (3.3) | < 0.001 |
Drainage of intraperitoneal abscess | 4 (0.2) | 68 (2.6) | < 0.001 |
Blood transfusion, n (%) | 147 (5.6) | 372 (14.0) | < 0.001 |
Pulmonary complications, n (%) | 213 (8.1) | 476 (18.0) | < 0.001 |
Cardiovascular complications, n (%) | 71 (2.7) | 133 (5.0) | < 0.001 |
Hospital length of stay, d | < 0.001 | ||
Mean (SD) | 5.3 (4.9) | 8.6 (8.0) | |
Median (IQR) | 4 (2, 7) | 6 (4, 11) | |
Operating room time, min | < 0.001 | ||
Mean (SD) | 130.1 (58.9) | 166.6 (72.3) | |
Median (IQR) | 120 (90, 150) | 150 (120, 201) | |
30-day postoperative outcomes | |||
Sepsis, n (%) | 295 (11.0) | 394 (15.0) | < 0.001 |
Gastrointestinal and digestive complications, n (%) | |||
Bile duct injury | 13 (0.5) | 25 (0.9) | 0.06 |
Retained gallstone | 2 (< 0.1) | 1 (< 0.1) | 0.64 |
Intestinal obstruction | 87 (3.3) | 224 (8.5) | < 0.001 |
Gastrointestinal ulcer | 7 (0.3) | 26 (1.0) | 0.00 |
Gastrointestinal hemorrhage | 23 (0.9) | 34 (1.3) | 0.15 |
Wound infection/complications, n (%) | |||
Surgical site infection | 18 (0.9) | 55 (2.7) | < 0.001 |
Hemorrhage/hematoma/seroma | 13 (0.6) | 32 (1.6) | 0.01 |
Wound disruption/dehiscence | 40 (1.9) | 104 (5.1) | < 0.001 |
Drainage of intraperitoneal abscess | 8 (0.4) | 52 (2.5) | < 0.001 |
Pulmonary complications, n (%) | 225 (8.5) | 503 (19.0) | < 0.001 |
Cardiovascular complications, n (%) | 126 (4.8) | 169 (6.4) | 0.01 |
30-day readmission, n (%)a | 209 (7.9) | 292 (11.1) | < 0.001 |
30-day reoperation, n (%) b | 40 (1.5) | 60 (2.3) | 0.05 |
Mortality, n (%) | 50 (1.9) | 133 (5.0) | < 0.001 |