Table 3 Efficiency outcomes regarding direct-to-operating room (DOR) trauma resuscitation as reported in the six included studies

Wieck et al. [5]

Compared with the predicted survival as calculated by the TRISS model

Overall (n = 82): 84% observed versus 79% predicted (p = 0.4)

Penetrating (n = 48): 84% observed versus 74% predicted (p = 0.002)

Not assessed

Steele et al. [6]

Compared with the predicted survival as calculated by the TRISS model

Overall (n = 742): 75.3% observed versus 64% predicted (p < 0.001)

Blunt (n = 255): 63.1% observed versus 52% predicted (p < 0.025)

Penetrating (n = 487): 81.7% observed versus 71% predicted (p < 0.001)

Mean time; time to incision (p < 0.05)

OR resuscitation group requiring major operation within 4 h (n = 528): 38.4 ± 1.9 min

Non-OR resuscitation group requiring major operation within 4 h (n = 1664): 99.4 ± 1.1 min

Rhodes et al. [7]

Compared with the predicted survival as calculated by the TRISS model

Overall (n = 240): 70% observed versus 62% predicted (p = 0.001)

Blunt (n = 183): 68% observed versus 57% predicted (p = 0.001)

AIS-5 head (n = 40): 38% observed versus 19% predicted (p = 0.02)

Mean time; scene to OR

11.1 min

Martin et al. [8]

Compared with the predicted survival as calculated by the TRISS model

Overall (n = 1297): 95% observed versus 90% predicted (p = 0.01)

Median time; start surgical intervention after arrival

13 min

Johnson et al. [9]

Compared with the predicted survival as calculated by the TRISS model

Overall (n = 628): 83% observed versus 75% predicted (p < 0.01)

Median time; start surgical intervention after arrival

Laparotomy: 23 min

Damage control: 13 min

Habarth-Morales et al. [10]

EDOR (n = 120): 22.5% versus no EDOR (n = 120) 15.0% (p = 0.14)

Median time; time to incision (p < 0.001)

EDOR: 25.5 min; IQR, 19–38.5

No EDOR: 40 min; IQR, 28–63