Table 1 Characteristics of patients who achieve TO versus non-TO
No TO | TO | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
n = 1246 | n = 457 | n = 789 | |
Gender | .000 | ||
Male | 275 (60.6) | 382 (48.9) | |
Female | 179(39.4) | 399 (51.1) | |
Age (median IQR) | 68 (54–77) | 57 (44–70) | .000 |
*BMI (body mass index) | 27 (24–29) | 27 (24–29) | .929 |
Scores | |||
*POSSUM Physiological score | 22 (18–28) | 18 (15–23) | .000 |
*TOTAL POSSUM | 32(27–38) | 28 (24–32) | .000 |
*APACHE II SCORE | 7(5–11) | 5(2–8) | .000 |
ASA score | .000 | ||
1 | 51 (11.9) | 214 (29.3) | |
2 | 171 (40) | 355 (48.6) | |
3 | 164 (38.3) | 152 (20.8) | |
4 | 39 (9.1) | 9 (1.2) | |
5 | 3 (0.7) | 0 (0) | |
Charlson Comorbidity Score > 6 | .000 | ||
No | 381 (86.4) | 735 (96.6) | |
Yes | 60 (13.6) | 26 (3.4) | |
Modified Frailty index | .000 | ||
0 | 150 (32.8) | 429 (54.4) | |
1 | 126 (27.6) | 176 (22.3) | |
2 | 79 (17.3) | 86 (10.9) | |
3 | 47 (10.3) | 43 (5.4) | |
4 | 22( 4.8) | 19 (2.4) | |
5 | 13 (2.8) | 7 (0.9) | |
6 | 7 (1.5) | 1 (0.1) | |
7 | 4 (0.9) | 1 (0.1) | |
8 | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0) | |
Clinical data | |||
*Pulse (rate per minute) | 85(76–95) | 80(72–90) | .000 |
*Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 130 (120–145) | 130 (120–142) | .432 |
*Temperature °C | 36.9(36.2–37.8) | 36.7 (36.1–37.2) | .001 |
Hypertension requiring treatment | .000 | ||
No | 208 (46.1) | 243 (53.9) | |
Yes | 510 (65.6) | 267 (34.4) | |
Diabetes mellitus treated with insulin or oral medications | .000 | ||
No | 339 (75.3) | 662 (85.2) | |
Yes | 111 (24.7) | 115 (14.8) | |
Any liver disease | .024 | ||
No | 163 (91.6) | 714 (95.7) | |
Yes | 15 (8.4) | 32 (4.3) | |
Previous abdominal surgical procedures? | .046 | ||
No | 309 (70.2) | 579 (75.5) | |
Yes | 131 (29.8) | 188 (24.5) | |
*Time since symptoms and surgery (days) | 4(2–6) | 3(1–5) | .000 |
Duration complaints > 72h | .000 | ||
No | 245 (53.6) | 523 (66.3) | |
Yes | 211 (46.2) | 264 (33.5) | |
Palpable tender mass in the right upper abdominal quadrant | .000 | ||
No | 269 (58.9) | 539 (68.8) | |
Yes | 188 (41.1) | 245 (31.3) | |
Serological tests | |||
White blood cells > 18.000/mm3 | .000 | ||
No | 325 (71.4) | 670 (85.5) | |
Yes | 130 (28.6) | 114 (14.5) | |
*Hemoglobin | 13.2 (11.8–14.6) | 13.8 (12.4–15) | .000 |
Platelet count > 100,000/mm3 | .001 | ||
No | 436 (95.4) | 775 (98.2) | |
Yes | 20 (4.4) | 11 (1.4) | |
INR > 1.5 | .000 | ||
No | 397 (86.9) | 762 (96.6) | |
Yes | 58 (12.7) | 23 (2.9) | |
Creatinine > 2mg/dL | .000 | ||
No | 396 (86.7) | 769 (97.5) | |
Yes | 60 (13.1) | 19 (2.4) | |
Increased total bilirubin > 2 mg/dL | .000 | ||
No | 318 (72.4) | 679 (88.8) | |
Yes | 121 (27.6) | 86 (11.2) | |
Data About AC | |||
Previous percutaneous cholecystostomy | .000 | ||
No | 419 (94.8) | 758 (99.1) | |
Yes | 23 (5.2) | 7 (0.9) | |
Associated Common Bile Duct Stones (confirmed by EUS or MRI) | .000 | ||
No | 393 (86.0) | 736 (93.3) | |
Yes | 45 (9.8) | 23 (2.9) | |
Gangrenous cholecystitis | .000 | ||
No | 278 (61) | 632 (80.2) | |
Yes | 178 (39) | 156 (19.8) | |
Pericholecystic abscess | .000 | ||
No | 353 (77.9) | 733 (93.3) | |
Yes | 100 (22.1) | 53 (6.7) | |
Hepatic abscess | .000 | ||
No | 429 (94.1) | 777 (99.4) | |
Yes | 27 (5.9) | 5 (0.6) | |
Biliary peritonitis | .000 | ||
No | 419 (92.3) | 764 (97.7) | |
Yes | 35 (7.7) | 18 (2.3) | |
ACC grade | .000 | ||
1 | 98 (21.4) | 304 (38.5) | |
2 | 353 (77.2) | 485 (61.5) | |
3 | 6 (1.3) | 0 (0) | |
*Operative time in min | 110(85–140) | 85(60–116) | .000 |
Bail-out procedure? | .000 | ||
No | 374 (82) | 761 (96.8) | |
Yes | 82 (18) | 25 (3.2) | |
Chole-Risk score | .000 | ||
0 | 58 (12.7) | 165 (20.9) | |
1 | 182 (39.8) | 370 (46.9) | |
2 | 136 (29.8) | 187 (23.7) | |
3 | 65 (14.2) | 28 (3.5) | |
4 | 9 (2.0) | 1 (0.1) | |
POSSUM Operative severity score | .000 | ||
< 15 | 390 (85.3) | 705 (89.4) | |
> 15 | 47 (10.3) | 7 (0.9) | |